Which light configuration indicates a RAM (Restricted in Ability to Maneuver) vessel?

• A. Red Over Red
• B. Yellow Over White
• C. Red White Red
• D. White Over White

Answer: (C)

A vessel restricted in its ability to maneuver is signaled by a yellow light above a white light. This vertical yellow-over-white arrangement is shown in addition to the vessel’s normal navigation lights and serves to warn other vessels that this one cannot maneuver as required, so others should take early, early action to keep clear.

Compared to other signals: red over red signals a vessel not under command, which is a different situation; red-white-red or white over white configurations do not indicate RAM. The key idea is that the yellow light denotes restriction, with the white light providing the standard reference for the lower position.